# Nasal cavity model

Source: Carleton University Standardized Human Nasal Cavity Geometry.
Dataset authors: Matthew R. Johnson, Yuan Liu, Edgar A. Matida, Carleton University.
Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/T4FYPY
License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Please cite: Liu, Y., Johnson, M. R., Matida, E. A., Kherani, S., and Marsan, J.
(2009). Creation of a standardized geometry of the human nasal cavity.
Journal of Applied Physiology, 106:784–795. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90376.2008

Derived from CarletonStdNasalModel.stl, file 640762 in the dataset, downloaded
2026-09-29. This standardized single passage was derived from multiple CT scans,
not from the male/female body used by this application.

Adaptations: repaired inconsistent face winding without moving source vertices;
simplified surface while locking boundary edges; mirrored the single passage
for bilateral display; applied uniform scale and translation to native landmarks;
added a thin 0.16 mm lining; removed numerical FINAL_NOSTRIL and OUTLET cap
patches to preserve open nares and the posterior outlet. No synthetic turbinate
shelves or per-vertex bone squeezing are used in this version. Sinuses are not
included. The fitted assembly has not been clinically validated.

2026-09-29 fit revision: cropped the protruding anterior vestibular ends with
an oblique plane based on the native lateral nasal cartilage. The cut rim
bridges only the thin mucosal tissue; both air openings remain unobstructed.
Interior and posterior nasal source vertices above that plane are unchanged.

The earlier generated and hand-constructed nasal meshes are superseded and no
longer referenced by active parts. Source geometry and attribution are retained.